Multiplication is one of the fundamental arithmetic operations important for various aspects of mathematics and daily life. Understanding how to multiply by 1-digit numbers is a crucial step for students as it forms the basis for more complex multiplication, division, and other mathematical concepts. This chapter focuses on the methods and strategies to multiply by 1-digit numbers providing a solid foundation for students to build upon.

The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive guide on how to multiply by 1-digit numbers. It will cover essential methods, strategies, and examples to help students understand and practice this fundamental skill.

Methods for Multiplying by 1-Digit Numbers

Multiplying by 1-digit numbers is an essential skill in mathematics, forming the foundation for more complex calculations. Here, we explore several common methods used for multiplying by 1-digit numbers.

Method 1: Repeated Addition

One of the simplest ways to understand multiplication is through repeated addition. For example, to multiply 4 by 3, you can add 4 three times:

4 × 3 = 4 + 4 + 4 = 12

Method 2: Using a Multiplication Table

A multiplication table is a helpful tool for quickly finding the product of two numbers. Students should memorize the multiplication table for numbers 1 through 9 to make multiplication faster and easier.

Method 3: The Standard Algorithm

The standard algorithm involves writing the numbers vertically and performing the multiplication step by step. For example, to multiply 7 by 6:

• Write the numbers vertically:

The number is written Vertically

• Multiply the digits: 7 × 6 = 42
• Write the result below the line: 42

Method 4: Using the Distributive Property

Description: This method involves breaking down a larger number into more manageable parts, making the multiplication easier to handle.

Example: 7 × 12 = 7 × (10 + 2) = 7 × 10 + 7 × 2 = 70 + 14 = 84.

Method 5: Using Arrays

Description: An array is a visual representation of multiplication. Rows and columns are used to demonstrate the product of two numbers.

Example: To multiply 4 × 3, draw an array with 4 rows and 3 columns. The total number of elements (dots) will be: 4 × 3 = 12.

Method 6: Using Number Lines

Description: Number lines can visually represent multiplication by making equal jumps from zero.

Example: To find 3 × 4, start at 0 and make 3 jumps of 4: 3 × 4 = 12.

Solved Problems of Multiply by 1-digit numbers

Solving Problems Using Different Methods

Method 1: Direct Multiplication

Problem: 7 × 8

Solution: 7 × 8 = 56

Problem: 5 × 9

Solution: 5 x 9 = 45

Method 2: Using the Distributive Property

Problem: 7 x 12

Solution : 7 × 12 = 7 × (10 + 2) = 7 × 10 + 7 × 2 = 70 + 14 = 84.

Problem: 4 x 15

Solution : 4 × 15 = 4 × (10 + 5) = 4 × 10 + 4 × 5 = 40 + 20 = 60.

Method 3: Using Repeated Addition

Problem: 7 × 5

Solution: 7 × 5 = 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 = 35.

Problem: 3 × 9

Solution: 3 × 9 = 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 27.

Problem: 4 × 8

Solution: 4 × 8 = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 32.

Method 5: Using Number Line

Problem: 5 × 7

Solution: Start at 0 and make 5 jumps of 7 each: 5 × 7 = 35.

Problem: 6 × 3

Solution: Start at 0 and make 6 jumps of 3 each: 6 × 3 = 18.

Problem: 8 × 2

Solution: Start at 0 and make 8 jumps of 2 each: 8 × 2 = 16.

Practice Problems – Multiply by 1 – digit numbers

Que 1.) 4×5

Que 2.) 9×6

Que 3.) 7×3

Que 4.) 2×8

Que 5.) 3×4

Que 6.) 5×9

Que 7.) 6×7

Que 8.) 1×8

Que 9.) 3×5

Que 10.) 4×7

Conclusion – Multiply by 1-digit numbers

Multiplying by 1-digit numbers is a foundational skill that helps students build confidence and proficiency in mathematics. By mastering different methods of multiplication, students can choose the strategy that works best for them and apply it to solve problems quickly and accurately. The practice problems provided will further enhance their understanding and fluency in this essential math skill.

Related Articles:

• Multiply 1- and 2- digit Numbers
• Multiply Large Numbers
• Multiplication

Multiply by 1-digit numbers – FAQs

What is the rule for multiplying a number by 1?

It states that any number multiplied by 1 gives the same result as the number itself. It is also called the identity property of multiplication. This is because the identity of the number remains the same.

When any number is multiplied by 1?

Multiplicative identity property states that “Any number multiplied by 1 is the number itself”. It means that when any number is multiplied by 1 the answer is always the number.

What is the easiest way to multiply by 1-digit numbers?

By using a multiplication table is the easiest and quickest way to find the product of 1-digit numbers.

How do you multiply one digit?

Step I: Write the numbers according to place value. Step II: Multiply the digits at the ones place. So, the product of 3 and 2 is 6. Thus, to multiply one-digit number by another one-digit number its very important to know the multiplication tables of the concerned number to find the product of the numbers.

Why is multiply by 1?

In other words, any number multiplied by one remains unchanged. This is because one is the multiplicative identity, meaning it has no effect on the value of the number it is multiplied by. So, no matter what number you multiply by one, the product will always be the same as the original number.