NCERT Solutions Class 11 Polity Chapter 2 Rights in the Indian Constitution – This article includes the free NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Polity Chapter 2 Rights in the Indian Constitution. It will help the students of Class 11 to learn the solutions and ace their exams. It has been developed by the subject matter experts at GFG, according to the latest CBSE Syllabus 2023-24, and guidelines. It helps the students of Class 11 create a solid conceptual base for Polity Chapter 2 Rights in the Indian Constitution.

The solutions to all the exercises in Class 11 Polity Chapter 2 Rights in the Indian Constitution of your NCERT textbook have been collectively covered in NCERT Solution for Class 11 (2024-2025).

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Polity Chapter 2: Rights in the Indian Constitution – In Between Questions

Page – 30

Q. Compare the Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution with the Bill of Rights in the South African Constitution. Make a list of rights that are:

Common to both the constitutions

Available in South Africa but not in India

Clearly granted in South Africa but implicit in the Indian Constitution

Answer:

Common in Both Constitutions: Right To Eqality, Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression, Right to Freedom of Religion, Right to Life and Personal Liberty, Right to Constitutional Remedies.

Available in South Africa Only: Right to Access to Information, Right to Privacy, Right to Environmental Rights, Rights to Children.

Clearly granted in South Africa but implicit in the Indian Constitution: Right to Housing, Right to Health Care, Right to Education, Right to Water, Right to Food.

Page – 37

Q. Do you think that the following situations demand restrictions on right to freedom? Give reasons to support your answer.

a. People have assembled for a peace march after communal riots in the city.

b. Dalits are denied entry in a temple. A march is being organised to forcibly enter the temple.

c. Hundreds of Adivasis blocked the road demanding that the land taken away from them for an industry be returned.

d. A caste panchayat is meeting to decide the punishment to a young couple for marrying outside their caste.

Answer:

a. People have assembled for a peace march after communal riots in the city. The Right to Assemble is a fundamental right but authorities may impose restrictions on it. Protecting public safety is important to maintain peace and stability. 

b. Dalits are denied entry into a temple. A march is being organized to forcibly enter the temple. The denial of Dalit entry into the temple is a violation of their rights. The right to protest is essential but it may lead to the disruption of the public order.

c. Hundreds of Adivasis blocked the road demanding that the land taken away from them for an industry be returned. The right to protest is a fundamental right but the blocking road may disrupt public life and affect essential services. The demands of adivashis are legitimate and it may help to balance the right to protest. 

d. A caste panchayat is meeting to decide the punishment for a young couple for marrying outside their caste. The caste panchayats may operate outside the purview of the law. It may enforce the regressive social norms through violence. The individual right protection gives the right to choose their partners and prevents the extrajudicial punishments. 

Page – 44

Q. It is estimated that there are about three million urban homeless in India. Night shelters are not available for more than five percent of this population. Hundreds of these old, sick homeless people are killed by cold wave during winter. They cannot have ration and voting cards in the absence of any ‘proof of residence’. Without these documents they also cannot avail government help as needy patients. A large number of these homeless people are casual workers, who earn very low wages. They travel to the city in search of work from different parts of the country. Use these facts to write a petition to the Supreme Court of India under the Right to Constitutional Remedies. Your petition should mention:

a. What Fundamental Rights are being denied to the homeless in their everyday life?

b. What kind of order would you request the Supreme Court to issue?

Answer:

Fundamental Rights are being denied to the homeless in their everyday life: Right to Life and Personal Liberty, Right to Equality, and Right to Constitutional Remedies.

The kind of order would you request the Supreme Court to issue: Direct the central and state government to establish the night shelters, Instruct ECI to find diverse alternative mechanisms for homeless people, Mandate the government to provide free healthcare, Direct the relevant authorities to give free healthcare, Ensure the provisions of livelihood opportunity. 

Page – 48

Q. Read the main points of the Bill of Rights in the South African Constitution and the Directive Principles in India.

Which are the common points in the two lists?

Why did the South Afrian Constitution put these in the Bill of Rights?

If you were writing the constitution for a new country, what would you suggest?

Answer:

The common points in the two lists are – Equality, Human Dignity, Freedom of Expression, Freedom of Religion, Access to Information, Political Rights, Right to Education, Health Care, Food, Water, Social Security, Housing, and Environmental Rights.

The South African Constitution put these in the Bill of Rights because it elevates them to the status of different justiciable rights that can be enforced by the court. 

The suggestion may include both civil and socio-economic rights to ensure the fundamental rights.

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Polity Chapter 2: Rights in the Indian Constitution

Exercise Questions

Q1. Write true or false against each of these statements:

(a) A Bill of Rights lays down the rights enjoyed by the people of a country.

Ans. True

(b) A Bill of Rights protects the liberties of an individual.

Ans. True

(c) Every country of the world has a Bill of Rights.

Ans. False

(d) The Constitution guarantees remedy against violation of Rights.

Ans. True

Q2. Which of the following is the best description of Fundamental Rights?

(a) All the rights an individual should have.

(b) All the rights given to citizens by law.

(c) The rights given and protected by the Constitution.

(d) The rights given by the Constitution that cannot ever be restricted.

Answer:

(c) The rights given and protected by the Constitution.

Q3. Read the following situations. Which Fundamental Right is being used or violated in each case and how?

(a) Overweight male cabin crew are allowed to get promotion in the national airlines but their women colleagues who gain weight are penalised.

(b) A director makes a documentary film that criticises the policies of the government.

(c) People displaced by a big dam take out a rally demanding rehabilitation.

(d) Andhra society runs Telugu medium schools outside Andhra Pradesh.

Answer:

(a) Right to Equality is being violated in this situation.

(b) Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression is being used by the director of the film.

(c) Right to Freedom of speech and expression to raise their voice against the unjust.

(d) Linguistic minorities have right to set up their own educational institutions to preserve their culture.

Q4. Which of the following is a correct interpretation of the Cultural and Educational Rights?

(a) Only children belonging to the minority group that has opened educational institution, can study there.

(b) Government schools must ensure that children of the minority group will be introduced to their belief and culture.

(c) Linguistic and religious minorities can open schools for their children and keep it reserved for them.

(d) Linguistic and religious minorities can demand that their children must not study in any educational institution except those managed by their own community.

Answer:

(c) Linguistic and religious minorities can open schools for their children and keep it reserved for them.

Q5. Which of the following is a violation of Fundamental Rights and why?

(a) Not paying minimum wages

(b) Banning of a book

(c) Banning of loudspeakers after 9 p.m.

(d) Making a speech

Answer:

Not paying the minimum pay that is a violation of Eundamental Rights.

Q6. An activist working among the poor says that the poor don’t need Fundamental Rights. What they need are Directive Principles to be made legally binding. Do you agree with this? Give your reasons.

Answer:

No. I do not agree with the statement. The Fundamental Rights can not be denied to any section of the whole society. Certain rights like the right to constitutional remedy are important to secure the protection for the poorest and weak section of society.

Q7. Which of the Fundamental Rights is in your opinion the most important right? Summarise its provisions and give arguments to show why it is most important.

Answer:

(a) Habeas Corpus: The court can order the arrested person to be presented before it under the writ of Habeas Corpus.

(b) Mandamus: This writ is issued by courts when a particular official does not perform the assigned legal duty.

(c) Prohibition: This writ is issued by a higher court. It is a case that is beyond the jurisdiction of lower court.

(d) Quo Warranto: This writ is issued by the court when it finds an individual holding the office.

(e) Certiorari: The court orders the transfer of a pending matter from a lower court or the higher court.

People Also Read:

• Fundamental Rights of Indian Constitution
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• Rights in the Indian Constitution Class 11 Polity Notes

FAQs on NCERT Solutions Class 11 Polity Chapter 2: Rights in the Indian Constitution

What are the 6 basic rights in India?

6 Fundamental Rights in Indian Constitution are as- Right to equality, Right to freedom, Right against exploitation, Right to freedom of religion, Cultural and educational rights, Right to constitutional remedies.

Are there 6 or 7 fundamental rights?

The Constitution offers all citizens, individually and collectively, some basic freedoms. These are guaranteed in the Constitution in the form of six broad categories of Fundamental Rights, which are justifiable. Article 12 to 35 contained in Part III of the Constitution deal with Fundamental Rights.

Which fundamental right is removed?

Right to Property was removed from the list of Fundamental Rights. Since this Right created a lot of problems in the way of attaining the goal of socialism and equitable distribution of wealth, it was removed from the list of Fundamental Rights in 1978 by the 44th constitutional amendment.

What is citizenship Fundamental Rights?

The Fundamental Rights are defined as basic human freedoms where every Indian citizen has the right to enjoy for a proper and harmonious development of personality and life. These rights apply universally to all citizens of India, irrespective of their race, place of birth, religion, caste or gender.

Is Fundamental Rights only for Indian citizens?

The Fundamental Rights guaranteed by Articles 14, 20, 21, 21A, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 and 28 are available to all persons whether citizens or foreigners. The Fundamental Rights guaranteed by Articles 15, 16, 19, 29, and 30 are available only to citizens of India.