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Equality: Class-11 NCERT Solution discusses that the concept of equality implies that all people, as human beings, are entitled to the same rights and opportunities to develop their skills and talents and to pursue their goals and ambitions. This means that in a society people may differ with regard to their choices and preferences. These NCERT Solutions are prepared by our Top Social Science Experts to take care of all Important Topics that might be asked in the upcoming examination 2024-2025. So, Students can refer to these solutions for their final Examination preparation.
These Class 11 Political Science Chapter 3 Equality NCERT Solutions are carefully developed using easy-to-understand language while adhering to the guidelines for solving NCERT Solutions for Class 11. Working through these solutions can be highly beneficial for students in their board exams, as well as in preparing for future competitive Exams.
NCERT Solutions Class-11 Political Science Chapter-3: Equality
Page No 43
Q. Make a list of all the social and economic inequalities that you notice among the students of your own school.
Answer:
A list of all the social and economic inequalities among the students are:
- Income disparities in families.
- Educational opportunities
- Healthcare access
- Nutrition
- Housing stability
- Technology divide
- Transportation accessibility
- Cultural and linguistic differences.
Page No 46
Q. Make a list of all the facilities that students with various kinds of physical handicaps would need to learn as any other student. Which of these facilities are available in your school?
Answer:
Here’s a list of facilities that students with various physical handicaps might need to learn effectively:
- Wheelchair ramps and accessible entrances/exits
- Elevators or lifts for multi-story buildings
- Wide hallways and doorways to accommodate wheelchairs
- Accessible restrooms with grab bars and lower sinks
- Adjustable desks or tables for students with mobility impairments
- Braille signage and tactile maps for students with visual impairments
- Assistive listening devices or sign language interpreters for students with hearing impairments
- Accessible transportation to and from school for students with mobility challenges.
Exercises Pages No. 51-52
Q1. Some people argue that inequality is natural while others maintain that it is equality which is natural and the inequalities which we notice around us are created by society. Which view do you support? Give reasons.
Answer:
I agree with the view that inequality is largely created by societal structures and systems rather than being inherently natural. While differences among individuals are natural, the extent of inequality we observe, especially in areas like income, education, and opportunities, is often exacerbated by social, economic, and political factors.
Historically, societies have constructed systems that perpetuate inequality through mechanisms such as discrimination, unequal access to resources, and institutional barriers. These structures create and reinforce disparities, limiting the ability of certain groups to thrive and fulfill their potential.
Moreover, efforts to address inequality through policies and interventions demonstrate that it is not an inevitable outcome of human existence. By implementing measures to promote equity, such as education reforms, social welfare programs, and anti-discrimination laws, societies can mitigate the effects of inequality and create more just and inclusive environments.
Q2. There is a view that absolute economic equality is neither possible nor desirable. It is argued that the most a society can do is to try and reduce the gaps between the richest and poorest members of society. Do you agree?
Answer:
I agree with the perspective that absolute economic equality may neither be achievable nor necessarily desirable. Complete economic equality could stifle innovation, motivation, and individual initiative, as it might remove incentives for productivity and progress. However, striving to reduce the vast gaps between the wealthiest and the poorest members of society is essential for promoting social cohesion, reducing poverty, and fostering a more equitable distribution of resources and opportunities.
By addressing extreme disparities in wealth and income, societies can enhance social stability, improve overall well-being, and ensure that everyone has access to basic necessities and opportunities for advancement. Policies aimed at reducing inequality, such as progressive taxation, social safety nets, and investments in education and healthcare, can help create a more inclusive and fair society where everyone can flourish.
Q3. Match the following concepts with appropriate instances:
(a) Affirmative action (i) Every adult citizen has a right to vote
(b) Equality of opportunity (ii) Banks offer higher rate of interest to senior citizen
(c) Equal Rights (iii) Every child should get free education
Answer:
(a) Affirmative action (iii) Every child should get free education
(b) Equality of opportunity (ii) Banks offer higher rate of interest to senior citizens
(c) Equal Rights (i) Every adult citizen has a right to vote
Q4. A government report on farmers’ problems says that small and marginal farmers cannot get good prices from the market. It recommends that the government should intervene to ensure a better price but only for small and marginal farmers. Is this recommendation consistent with the principle of equality?
Answer:
The recommendation to intervene and ensure better prices for small and marginal farmers, while excluding larger farmers, may appear inconsistent with the principle of equality on the surface. However, it aligns with the principle of equity, which emphasizes fairness and addressing disparities.
Small and marginal farmers often face greater challenges in accessing markets, negotiating prices, and competing with larger agricultural enterprises. Providing targeted support to these farmers can help level the playing field and promote more inclusive economic development.
While the recommendation may seem to treat farmers differently based on their landholding size, it aims to address specific vulnerabilities and inequities within the agricultural sector. By prioritizing support for those who need it most, the government can work towards a more equitable distribution of resources and opportunities, ultimately benefiting the agricultural community as a whole.
Q5. Which of the following violate the Principles of Equality? And why?
(a) Every child in class will read the text of the play by turn.
(b) The Government of Canada encouraged white Europeans to migrate to Canada from the end of the Second World War till 1960.
(c) There is a separate railway reservation counter for the senior citizens.
(d) Access to some forest areas is reserved for certain tribal communities
Answer:
(b) The Government of Canada encouraged white Europeans to migrate to Canada from the end of the Second World War till 1960.
This violates the principle of equality as it discriminates based on race by favoring white Europeans over others. Such policies perpetuate systemic inequalities and marginalize certain groups based on their ethnicity or nationality.
(d) Access to some forest areas is reserved for certain tribal communities.
This does not violate the principle of equality but instead aligns with the principle of equity. It acknowledges historical injustices faced by tribal communities and aims to provide them with opportunities for livelihood, cultural preservation, and self-determination.
Q6. Here are some arguments in favour of the right to vote for women. Which of these are consistent with the idea of equality? Give reasons.
(a) Women are our mothers. We shall not disrespect our mothers by denying them the right to vote.
(b) Decisions of the government affect women as well as men, therefore they also should have a say in choosing the rulers.
(c) Not granting women the right to vote will cause disharmony in the family.
(d) Women constitute half of humanity. You cannot subjugate them for long by denying them the right to vote.
Answer:
Arguments (b) and (d) are consistent with the idea of equality.
(b) Decisions of the government affect women as well as men, therefore they also should have a say in choosing the rulers.
This argument is consistent with the principle of equality because it emphasizes that both men and women are impacted by governmental decisions and should therefore have equal rights to participate in the political process. Denying women the right to vote would perpetuate inequality by excluding them from shaping the policies and laws that affect their lives.
(d) Women constitute half of humanity. You cannot subjugate them for long by denying them the right to vote.
This argument highlights the principle of equality by asserting that women, as equal members of society, should not be deprived of fundamental rights such as the right to vote based on their gender. Denying women the right to vote would perpetuate inequality and subjugation, undermining the principle of equality for all individuals.
Summary – NCERT Solutions Polity Chapter 3: Equality
In conclusion, equality is the state of being equal or having an equal amount. The concept of equality implies that all people, as human beings, are entitled to the same rights and opportunities to develop their skills and talents, and to pursue their goals and ambitions. This means that in a society people may differ with regard to their choices and preferences. The government has tried to implement the equality that is guaranteed in the Constitution through laws and government programs or schemes. One of the steps taken by the government includes the midday meal scheme. Equality is important because it ensures that all humans are treated fairly by getting equal services and opportunities. It ensures individuals or groups that they are not treated differently on the basis of race, age, sexual orientation, gender, disability, caste, creed, religion, colour.
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FAQs on NCERT Solutions Polity Chapter 3: Equality
What is the focus of NCERT Solutions Polity Chapter 3: Equality?
The chapter explores the concept of equality and its significance in democratic societies.
How is equality defined within the context of the chapter?
Equality is defined as the absence of discrimination and the equal treatment of all individuals regardless of their background or characteristics.
What are the different dimensions of equality discussed in the chapter?
The chapter examines political equality, social equality, and economic equality as key dimensions of equality.
What role does the government play in upholding equality?
The government is responsible for enacting laws and policies that promote equality, prevent discrimination, and ensure equal opportunities for all citizens.
How does the chapter address the relationship between equality and diversity?
The chapter recognizes that while diversity exists within society, equality ensures that all individuals, regardless of their differences, have equal rights and opportunities.
What are some examples of inequalities discussed in the chapter?
Examples include discrimination based on caste, gender, religion, race, and socio-economic status, as well as disparities in access to education, healthcare, and employment.
How can individuals contribute to promoting equality in society?
Individuals can promote equality by challenging discriminatory attitudes and behaviors, advocating for inclusive policies, and supporting efforts to address systemic inequalities.
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