Answer: Bus topology, one of the simplest network configurations, involves each computer or network device connected to a single cable or backbone. This setup, while efficient for smaller networks, necessitates using terminators at both ends of the main cable for crucial technical reasons.

Explanation

Signal Reflection Prevention: In bus topology, data signals travel along the backbone until they reach the destination node. Without terminators at both ends of the cable, these signals would reach the end of the line and reflect back down the line. Signal reflection can lead to interference and signal overlap, resulting in data transmission errors and network communication inefficiencies. Terminators absorb these signals upon reaching the end of the line, preventing reflection and ensuring clear and stable communication.

Network Stability: By absorbing reflections and ensuring proper impedance matching, terminators contribute significantly to the overall stability and reliability of a bus network. Their role becomes even more critical as the network load increases, which can heighten the potential for signal issues.

Simplified Network Design: While bus topology is generally less complex and less expensive than other topologies, the requirement for terminators is a small trade-off for maintaining network efficiency and stability. Terminators are simple devices and are easy to install, making them a straightforward solution to potential problems in a bus topology setup.

Summary

Terminators are essential in bus topology as they prevent signal reflections, match cable impedance, and enhance network stability and reliability. Their use is a simple yet effective means to ensure smooth and efficient network operations in this type of network configuration.