From	To	Formula
°C	°F	(0°C × 9/5) + 32 = 32°F
°C	K	0°C + 273.15 = 273.15K
°F	°C	(32°F − 32) × 5/9 = 0°C

Learn More,

• Fahrenheit to Celsius (°F to °C)

Measurement Instruments

Various Instruments that are used for measuring various physcial quantites are,

• Measurement Tape

• Clock

• Weighing Scale, etc.

Image of various measurement instruments is added below,

Application of Measurement

Measurement is essential for many fields of science, engineering, technology, and everyday life. Measurement allows us to observe, analyse and understand natural phenomena and human activities. Measurement also enables us to design, build, and operate machines, devices, and systems that improve our quality of life.

Some examples of the application of measurement are:

Astronomy: Measurement of the distance, size, mass, temperature, brightness, and motion of celestial bodies, such as stars, planets, moons, asteroids and comets.

Biology: Measurement of the structure, function, and behaviour of living organisms, such as cells, tissues, organs and systems.

Chemistry: Measurement of the composition, properties, and reactions of matter, such as atoms, molecules, elements and compounds.

Physics: Measurement of the fundamental forces and interactions of nature, such as gravity, electromagnetism, nuclear and quantum.

Engineering: Measurement of the performance, efficiency, and reliability of machines, devices, and systems, such as bridges, cars, planes, rockets and computers.

Medicine: Measurement of the health, diagnosis, and treatment of human and animal diseases, such as blood pressure, temperature, pulse, glucose and drugs.

Economics: Measurement of the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, such as GDP, inflation, unemployment and trade.

Education: Measurement of the knowledge, skills, and abilities of students, teachers, and schools, such as tests, grades and rankings.

Sports: Measurement of the speed, strength, endurance, and accuracy of athletes, teams, and games, such as time, distance, score and record.

Examples on Measurement

Here are some examples of how we can use the concept of measurement to solve problems or answer questions.

Example 1: How many litres of water can a cylindrical tank with a radius of 1.5 m and a height of 2 m hold?

Solution:

To find the volume of water that the tank can hold, we need to use the formula for the volume of a cylinder:

Given,

• r = 1.5 m
• h = 2 m

V = πr²h

Plugging in given values, we get:

V = π(1.5)²(2)

V ≈ 14.14 m³

To convert from cubic metres to litres, we need to multiply by 1000, since 1 cubic metre is equal to 1000 litres. Therefore, the tank can hold about 14140 litres of water.

Example 2: How long does it take for light to travel from the sun to the earth?

Solution:

To find the time that light takes to travel from the sun to the earth, we need to use the formula for the speed of light:

c = d​/t

Rearranging the formula, we get:

t = d/c​

Distance from the sun to the earth is about 149.6 million km, and the speed of light is about 300,000 km/s. Plugging in these values, we get:

t = 300000149600000​

t ≈ 498.67 s

To convert from seconds to minutes, we need to divide by 60, since 1 minute is equal to 60 seconds. Therefore, it takes about 8.31 minutes for light to travel from the sun to the earth.

Example 3: How much does a gold bar with a mass of 12.5 kg cost, if the price of gold is 50000 rupees per 10 grams?

Solution:

To find the cost of the gold bar, we need to multiply the mass of the gold bar by the price of gold per unit mass. However, before we do that, we need to convert the units of mass and price to the same unit.

Since the price of gold is given in rupees per 10 grams, we need to convert the mass of the gold bar and the price of gold to grams and rupees per gram, respectively.

To convert from kilograms to grams, we need to multiply by 1000, since 1 kilogram is equal to 1000 grams. To convert from rupees per 10 grams to rupees per gram, we need to divide by 10, since 10 grams is equal to 10 times 1 gram.

Therefore, we get:

m = 12.5 kg × 1000 = 12500 g

p = 50,000 rupees / 10 g ​= 5000 rupees per g

Now, we multiply mass of gold bar by price of gold per gram to get cost of gold bar:

c = m×p

c = 12500 g × 5000 rupees per g

c = 62500000 rupees

Therefore, the gold bar with a mass of 12.5 kg costs 62.5 million rupees.

Sample Questions on Measurement

Some Questions on Measurement are,

What is Difference between Accuracy and Precision in Measurement?

Accuracy is the degree of closeness of a measured value to the true value of the quantity. Precision is the degree of consistency or repeatability of a measured value. For example, if you measure the length of a table several times with a ruler, your measurements may be accurate but not precise, if they are close to the actual length but vary a lot. On the other hand, your measurements may be precise but not accurate, if they are consistent but far from the actual length.

What are Sources of Error in Measurement?

There are two main types of error in measurement:

• Systematic Error
• Random Error

Systematic error is the error that occurs due to a flaw in the instrument, method, or procedure of measurement. It causes the measured values to be either consistently higher or lower than the true value. Random error is the error that occurs due to unpredictable factors, such as human error, environmental conditions, or noise. It causes the measured values to fluctuate around the true value.

What are Significant Figures in Measurement?

Significant figures are the digits in a measured value that are known with certainty plus one digit that is uncertain or estimated. They indicate the precision of the measurement. For example, the value 3.14 has three significant figures, while the value 3.140 has four significant figures. The rules for determining the number of significant figures in a value are:

• All non-zero digits are significant. For example, 123 has three significant figures.
• Zeros between non-zero digits are significant. For example, 1003 has four significant figures.
• Zeros at the beginning of a value are not significant. They are only placeholders. For example, 0.0012 has two significant figures.
• Zeros at the end of a value are significant if there is a decimal point in the value. For example, 12.00 has four significant figures, while 1200 has two significant figures.

FAQs on Measurement

What Do you Mean by Measurement?

Measurement is the quantification of features of an object, that tells us about various properties of object and help usto compare various objects on various parameters.

What are 3 Types of Measurement?

The three types of measures are

• Descriptive
• Diagnostic
• Predictive

What are 7 Main Units of Measurement?

Seven basic SI Units are,

• Length – meter (m)

• Time – second (s)

• Mass – kilogram (kg)

• Electric Current – ampere (A)

• Temperature – kelvin (K)

• Amount of Substance – mole (mole)

• Luminous Intensity – candela (cd)

Is Light Year Unit of Time?

No, Light Year as the name suggest is not a unit of time but is a unit of Length. It is the distance travelled by light in an year and is equal to 9.4607 × 10¹² km.