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Full-Length TOEFL 2024 Practice Test: Free Download TOEFL 2024 Practice Paper-19

TOEFL Reading Section Practice Questions

DIRECTIONS: Each passage or pair of passages below is followed by several questions. After reading each passage or pair, choose the best answer to each question based on what is stated or implied in the passage or passages (1-10).

Passage: The Importance of Mangroves

Mangroves are unique coastal ecosystems found in tropical and subtropical regions. They consist of salt-tolerant trees and shrubs that thrive in intertidal zones, where they play a crucial role in protecting coastlines from erosion and storm surges. Mangroves act as natural barriers, absorbing the impact of waves and reducing the damage caused by extreme weather events. Additionally, their complex root systems stabilize the soil, preventing coastal erosion.

Mangroves also support a diverse array of wildlife, providing habitat and breeding grounds for many species of fish, crustaceans, and birds. The dense vegetation of mangrove forests serves as a nursery for young marine organisms, contributing to the health of coastal fisheries. Furthermore, mangroves sequester significant amounts of carbon, helping to mitigate climate change.

Despite their importance, mangroves are under threat from human activities such as deforestation, coastal development, and pollution. Protecting and restoring mangrove ecosystems is essential for maintaining their ecological benefits and ensuring the resilience of coastal communities.

Questions:

What is the primary role of mangroves in coastal regions? A. Enhancing tourism B. Protecting coastlines from erosion C. Increasing fish populations

What do mangroves help to stabilize? A. Marine life populations B. Soil in coastal areas C. Air quality

What is one threat to mangrove ecosystems mentioned in the passage? A. Climate change B. Overfishing C. Coastal development

What is one ecological benefit of mangroves related to climate change? A. Reducing air pollution B. Sequestering carbon C. Increasing rainfall

Answers:

B

B

C

B

Passage 2: The Importance of Coral Reefs

Coral reefs are among the most diverse and valuable ecosystems on Earth. They provide habitat for countless marine species, support fishing and tourism industries, and protect coastlines from erosion and storm damage. Coral reefs are often referred to as the “rainforests of the sea” because of their incredible biodiversity. They are home to about 25% of all marine life despite covering less than 1% of the ocean floor.

Coral reefs are formed by colonies of tiny animals called coral polyps, which secrete calcium carbonate to build their skeletons. These structures provide shelter and food for a wide variety of marine organisms, including fish, crustaceans, and mollusks.

However, coral reefs are under threat from climate change, pollution, and destructive fishing practices. Rising sea temperatures and ocean acidification, in particular, cause coral bleaching and weaken coral skeletons. Conservation efforts are critical to protect these ecosystems and ensure their continued benefits to marine life and human communities.

Questions:

What is one reason coral reefs are referred to as the “rainforests of the sea”? A. They cover a large portion of the ocean floor. B. They have incredible biodiversity. C. They are located in tropical regions.

What do coral polyps secrete to build their skeletons? A. Calcium carbonate B. Magnesium oxide C. Sodium chloride

What is one threat to coral reefs mentioned in the passage? A. Overfishing B. Ocean acidification C. Overpopulation

What is one benefit of coral reefs to human communities? A. Reducing air pollution B. Supporting fishing and tourism industries C. Increasing rainfall

Answers:

B

A

B

B

TOEFL Writing Section Questions

Both integrated and autonomous writing assignments are included in the TOEFL writing section. The TOEFL writing for an academic debate task has taken the place of the solo writing work in the exam syllabus. It’s crucial to regularly practise with the most recent TOEFL writing samples in order to get ready for the new exam format.

Reading Passage:

The debate over whether organic farming is more beneficial than conventional farming has been ongoing. Proponents of organic farming argue that it is better for the environment and produces healthier food. They claim that organic farming practices avoid synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, which can harm the ecosystem and human health. Additionally, organic farming is said to enhance soil fertility and biodiversity. On the other hand, critics argue that organic farming yields are lower than conventional farming, making it less efficient in feeding the growing global population.

Transcript:

(Professor’s lecture) While organic farming has its advantages, there are significant drawbacks that cannot be ignored. One major issue is the lower yield compared to conventional farming, which makes it difficult to meet the food demands of a growing population. Additionally, organic farming often requires more land and labor to produce the same amount of food as conventional farming. This increased land use can lead to deforestation and habitat destruction, negating some of the environmental benefits. Moreover, the higher costs associated with organic farming can make organic produce less accessible to lower-income families, raising concerns about food equity.

Prompt: Summarize the points made in the lecture, explaining how they cast doubt on the points made in the reading passage.

Answer:

The reading passage advocates for organic farming, highlighting its environmental benefits and the production of healthier food due to the avoidance of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers. It also claims that organic farming enhances soil fertility and biodiversity. However, the professor in the lecture challenges these points by emphasizing significant drawbacks. The professor argues that organic farming yields are lower than those of conventional farming, making it difficult to meet the global food demand. Additionally, organic farming requires more land and labor, which can lead to deforestation and habitat destruction, counteracting some of its environmental benefits. Furthermore, the higher costs of organic farming can make its produce less accessible to lower-income families, raising concerns about food equity. These drawbacks cast doubt on the overall effectiveness and feasibility of organic farming as proposed in the reading passage.

Independent Writing Task

Question: Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. “Online learning is as effective as traditional classroom learning.”

Answer:

I agree with the statement that online learning is as effective as traditional classroom learning. With advancements in technology and the evolution of educational practices, online learning has proven to be a viable alternative to conventional classroom settings, offering flexibility, accessibility, and a personalized learning experience.

First, online learning provides unparalleled flexibility. Students can access course materials, lectures, and assignments at any time and from any location. This flexibility is particularly beneficial for working professionals, parents, and individuals with busy schedules. For instance, an adult learner who works full-time can pursue an online degree without having to quit their job or relocate.

Second, online learning is highly accessible. It allows students from remote areas or different parts of the world to access high-quality education from prestigious institutions. This democratization of education ensures that individuals who may not have the means to attend traditional schools can still achieve their academic goals. For example, Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) offered by universities like MIT and Harvard are available to anyone with an internet connection, providing opportunities for learners globally.

Third, online learning offers a personalized learning experience. With online courses, students can learn at their own pace, revisiting complex topics as needed and skipping over material they already understand. Additionally, online platforms often provide a variety of multimedia resources, such as videos, interactive simulations, and discussion forums, catering to different learning styles and enhancing comprehension. For example, platforms like Coursera and Khan Academy offer interactive quizzes and peer discussions, allowing students to engage deeply with the content.

In conclusion, online learning is as effective as traditional classroom learning due to its flexibility, accessibility, and ability to provide a personalized education experience. As technology continues to advance, the effectiveness of online learning will likely increase, making it an increasingly attractive option for learners worldwide.

TOEFL Speaking Section

Task 1: Independent Speaking Task

Question: Describe a person who has had a significant impact on your life. Explain how this person influenced you.

Answer:

A person who has had a significant impact on my life is my high school mathematics teacher, Mr. Johnson. His influence on me extends far beyond the classroom, shaping my approach to learning and personal development.

First, Mr. Johnson instilled in me a love for mathematics. His passion for the subject was infectious, and he made complex concepts seem approachable and exciting. He used innovative teaching methods, such as real-world applications and interactive problem-solving sessions, which made learning enjoyable and meaningful. This ignited my curiosity and motivated me to pursue a deeper understanding of mathematics.

Second, Mr. Johnson taught me the value of perseverance. He often emphasized that making mistakes is a natural part of the learning process and encouraged us to view challenges as opportunities for growth. This mindset helped me build resilience and develop a positive attitude towards overcoming obstacles, both academically and in life.

Finally, Mr. Johnson’s unwavering support and belief in my abilities boosted my confidence. He always took the time to provide constructive feedback and celebrate my progress, no matter how small. His encouragement played a crucial role in my decision to pursue a career in engineering, as I felt empowered to follow my passion and strive for excellence.

In conclusion, Mr. Johnson’s influence on my life has been profound. His passion for teaching, emphasis on perseverance, and constant support have shaped my academic journey and personal growth, making him a truly impactful figure in my life.

Task 2: Integrated Speaking – Reading and Listening

Reading Passage: Social media has become an integral part of modern society, offering numerous benefits such as staying connected with friends and family, accessing news and information, and providing a platform for self-expression. However, excessive use of social media can lead to negative consequences, including addiction, decreased face-to-face interactions, and mental health issues like anxiety and depression.

(Professor): While social media has its advantages, it’s important to be aware of its potential drawbacks. Studies have shown that spending too much time on social media can lead to feelings of isolation and loneliness. It’s also been linked to poor sleep patterns and decreased productivity. To mitigate these effects, it’s crucial to set time limits on social media use and engage in offline activities that promote well-being.

Question: Summarize the main points made in the reading passage and the lecture about the impact of social media.

Answer: The reading passage highlights both the benefits and the drawbacks of social media, noting its role in connecting people and providing information, but also pointing out issues like addiction and mental health problems. The lecture supports these points and adds that excessive social media use can lead to isolation, poor sleep, and reduced productivity. The professor recommends setting time limits on social media use and participating in offline activities to mitigate these negative effects.

Task 3: Integrated Speaking – Listening and Campus Announcement Listening Passage:

(Male Student): Have you heard about the new campus recycling program?

(Female Student): Yes, I heard they’re placing recycling bins all around campus and hosting workshops on how to recycle properly. It sounds like a great initiative to reduce waste.

Campus Announcement: Attention all students, we are excited to announce the launch of our new campus-wide recycling program. Recycling bins will be placed in all buildings, and we will be offering workshops to educate everyone on proper recycling practices. Let’s work together to make our campus more sustainable.

Question: How do the students feel about the new recycling program, and what are its features according to the campus announcement?

Answer: The students are enthusiastic about the new recycling program. They believe it is a great initiative to reduce waste on campus. According to the campus announcement, the program will feature recycling bins placed in all buildings and workshops to educate students on proper recycling practices, aiming to make the campus more sustainable.

Task 4: Integrated Speaking – Academic Course Content Listening Passage:

(Professor): In today’s lecture, we will discuss Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, a theory in psychology that prioritizes human needs in the form of a pyramid. At the base are physiological needs like food and water, followed by safety needs, social needs such as love and belonging, esteem needs, and at the top, self-actualization, which is the desire to achieve one’s full potential. Each level must be satisfied before moving to the next.

Question: Explain Maslow’s hierarchy of needs using the example provided in the lecture.

Answer: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a psychological theory that organizes human needs into a pyramid with five levels. At the base are physiological needs, such as food and water, which must be met first. Once these are satisfied, individuals seek safety needs, including security and shelter. The next level is social needs, such as love and belonging. After that come esteem needs, which involve respect and recognition. Finally, at the top is self-actualization, the desire to achieve one’s full potential. The professor explained that each level must be satisfied before progressing to the next, emphasizing that self-actualization can only be pursued once all the other needs are fulfilled.

TOEFL Listening Section

Section 1: Conversation between Two People

Section 1: Conversation between Two People

Transcript:

Professor: Hi, John. How can I help you today?

John: Hi, Professor. I’m struggling with the concept of opportunity cost in our economics class.

Professor: Sure, opportunity cost is a key principle in economics. It’s the value of the next best alternative that you give up when you make a decision.

John: I understand that part, but I get confused when it comes to applying it to real-world situations.

Professor: Let’s take an example. If you decide to spend time studying for your exams instead of going out with friends, the opportunity cost is the enjoyment and socializing you miss out on. It’s about weighing the benefits and costs of different choices.

John: That helps. So, it’s about comparing what you’re giving up with what you’re gaining?

Professor: Exactly. By understanding opportunity cost, you can make more informed decisions that maximize your benefits.

John: Got it! Thank you for explaining it.

Questions:

1. What is the main topic of the conversation?
   • A. The history of economics
   • B. The concept of opportunity cost
   • C. The impact of studying
2. What example does the professor give to explain opportunity cost?
   • A. Spending money on a vacation
   • B. Studying for exams versus going out with friends
   • C. Choosing a career path
3. Why did John visit the professor?
   • A. To discuss his exam results
   • B. To understand a concept in his economics class
   • C. To talk about his research paper

Answers:

1. B
2. B
3. B

Lecture: Environmental Science

Transcript:

Professor: Today, we’re going to discuss the impact of pollution on marine ecosystems. Pollution, particularly plastic waste, poses a significant threat to marine life. It affects the health of the oceans and the organisms that live in them.

Plastic waste can entangle marine animals, leading to injury or death. Additionally, marine species often ingest plastic particles, which can cause internal damage and toxic effects. Pollution also disrupts the natural balance of marine ecosystems, affecting coral reefs and the overall biodiversity.

One of the main sources of pollution is single-use plastics, which are commonly used in packaging and consumer products. To address this issue, it is essential to reduce plastic consumption, improve waste management practices, and promote the use of biodegradable materials.

Questions:

1. What is the main topic of the lecture?
   • A. The benefits of marine ecosystems
   • B. The impact of pollution on marine ecosystems
   • C. The economic importance of oceans
2. What is one main source of pollution mentioned in the lecture?
   • A. Climate change
   • B. Single-use plastics
   • C. Urban development
3. How does pollution affect marine animals?
   • A. Improves their health
   • B. Entangles them and causes injury or death
   • C. Enhances their reproductive rates
4. What strategy does the professor suggest to address the issue of pollution?
   • A. Industrial development
   • B. Reducing plastic consumption
   • C. Increasing fishing activities

Answers:

1. B
2. B
3. B
4. B

Conversation: Library Resources

Transcript:

Librarian: Hello, how can I assist you today?

Student: Hi, I’m looking for resources on climate change for my research paper. Can you help me find some books or articles?

Librarian: Of course! We have a variety of resources on climate change. You can start with the online database, which has access to numerous academic journals. For books, you can check the environmental science section on the third floor. We also have e-books available if you prefer reading on your device.

Student: That’s great. Could you show me how to use the online database?

Librarian: Sure. First, log into the library’s website using your student ID. Then, navigate to the ‘Databases’ section and select ‘JSTOR.’ You can search for articles using keywords like ‘climate change,’ ‘global warming,’ or ‘environmental impact.’

Student: Thank you! I’ll give it a try. If I have trouble, can I come back and ask for help?

Librarian: Absolutely. We’re here to assist you. Good luck with your research!

Questions:

1. What is the student looking for?
   • A. Information on renewable energy
   • B. Resources on climate change
   • C. Fiction books
2. Where can the student find books on climate change?
   • A. First floor
   • B. Second floor
   • C. Third floor
3. Which online database does the librarian suggest?
   • A. JSTOR
   • B. ScienceDirect
   • C. PubMed
4. What keywords does the librarian suggest for searching articles?
   • A. ‘Fossil fuels,’ ‘coal energy,’ ‘nuclear power’
   • B. ‘Climate change,’ ‘global warming,’ ‘environmental impact’
   • C. ‘Hydroelectric power,’ ‘geothermal energy,’ ‘biomass’

Answers:

1. B
2. C
3. A
4. B

Lecture: American Literature

Transcript:

Professor: In today’s lecture, we’ll explore the themes and significance of Harper Lee’s novel, “To Kill a Mockingbird.” This novel, set in the 1930s in the southern United States, addresses serious issues like racial inequality and moral growth.

One of the central themes of the novel is the fight against racial injustice. The protagonist, Atticus Finch, is a lawyer who defends a black man falsely accused of raping a white woman. Through this story, Lee critiques the deeply entrenched racism in society.

Another important theme is the moral development of Atticus’s children, Scout and Jem. As they witness their father’s stand against racism, they learn valuable lessons about empathy, justice, and the complexities of human nature.

Questions:

1. What is the main topic of the lecture?
   • A. The history of the 1930s
   • B. The themes of “To Kill a Mockingbird”
   • C. The biography of Harper Lee
2. Which period is “To Kill a Mockingbird” set in?
   • A. The Victorian Era
   • B. The Jazz Age
   • C. The 1930s
3. What does Atticus Finch fight against in the novel?
   • A. Economic inequality
   • B. Racial injustice
   • C. Political corruption
4. What do Scout and Jem learn from their father’s actions?
   • A. Lessons about empathy, justice, and human nature
   • B. How to succeed in business
   • C. The importance of wealth and status

Answers:

1. B
2. C
3. B
4. A

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