Bacteria primarily reproduce asexually through a process called binary fission. In binary fission, a single bacterial cell duplicates its DNA and then divides into two identical daughter cells. This method is efficient and allows for rapid population growth.

While bacteria do not reproduce sexually in the traditional sense, they can exchange genetic material through processes such as conjugation, transformation, and transduction.

• Conjugation involves the transfer of DNA between two bacterial cells via a pilus (a bridge-like structure).
• Transformation occurs when bacteria take up DNA fragments from their environment.
• Transduction happens when bacterial DNA is transferred from one bacterium to another by a virus (bacteriophage).

These methods of genetic exchange contribute to genetic diversity in bacterial populations but do not constitute sexual reproduction. Hence, bacteria reproduce asexually but can undergo genetic recombination through these alternative mechanisms.

Relevant Links:

• Bacterial Reproduction
• Facts About Bacteria
• How Do Viruses Differ from Bacteria?
• Bacteria – Types, Structure, Diagram